基于压电陶瓷的惯性驱动器控制技术研究

由于压电陶瓷迟滞效应和摩擦力非线性等因素影响,压电惯性驱动器开环控制存在着一定的误差,定位精度较低。为了提高压电惯性驱动器的定位精度,满足高精度控制的需要,提出了基于前馈补偿的模糊PID反馈混合控制器。设计了开环、前馈开环、模糊PID闭环反馈三种控制方式,对压电惯性驱动器定位精度的控制效果进行了相关的试验测试。试验表明,基于前馈补偿的模糊PID闭环反馈控制有效提高了压电惯性驱动器的定位精度,减小了稳态误差,在16μm的运动范围内,定位精度达到0.04μm。     

A parameter estimation based adaptive actuator failure compensation control scheme

An adaptive actuator failure compensation control scheme is developed using an indirect adaptive control method,by calculating the controller parameters from adaptive estimates of system parameters and actuator failure parameters.A key technical issue is how to deal with the actuator failure uncertainties such as failure pattern,time and values.A complete parametrization covering all possible failures is used to solve this issue for adaptive parameter estimation.A simultaneous mapping from the estimated system/failure parameters to the controller parameters is employed to make the control system capable of ensuring the desired system performance under failures,which is verified by simulation results.     

Adaptive failure compensation for uncertain systems with multiple inputs

The aim of this paper is to develop controllers for uncertain systems in the presence of stuck type actuator failures. A new scheme is proposed to design output feedback controllers for a class of uncertain systems having redundant control inputs, with which the relative degrees of transfer functions are different. To deal with these inputs using backstepping technique, a pre-filter is introduced before each actuator such that its output is the input to the actuator. The orders of the pre-filters are chosen properly to ensure all their inputs can be designed at the same step in the systematic design. To compensate for the effects of possible failed actuators, more uncertain parameters than system parameters are required to be identified. With the proposed scheme, the global boundedness of the closed-loop system can still be ensured and the system output can be regulated to a specific value when some of the actuators' outputs are stuck at unknown fixed values.     

Multiobjective fault detection and isolation for flexible air-breathing hypersonic vehicle

An application of the multiobjective fault detection and isolation (FDI) approach to an air-breathing hypersonic vehicle (HSV) longitudinal dynamics subject to disturbances is presented. Maintaining sustainable and safe flight of HSV is a challenging task due to its strong coupling effects, variable operating conditions and possible failures of system components. A common type of system faults for aircraft including HSV is the loss of effectiveness of its actuators and sensors. To detect and isolate multiple actuator/sensor failures, a faulty linear parameter-varying (LPV) model of HSV is derived by converting actuator/system component faults into equivalent sensor faults. Then a bank of LPV FDI observers is designed to track individual fault with minimum error and suppress the effects of disturbances and other fault signals. The simulation results based on the nonlinear flexible HSV model and a nominal LPV controller demonstrate the effectiveness of the fault estimation technique for HSV.     

具有输入量化的信息物理系统的安全控制

针对执行器攻击、量化编码器/解码器参数不匹配和外部干扰的信息物理系统(cyber-physical systems, CPS),设计一种新型的鲁棒自适应控制器确保其安全稳定运行。基于Lyapunov稳定理论推导出使信息物理系统具有鲁棒H2性能的充分条件,控制器的非线性结构包含两部分：一部分为干扰和量化补偿器,用于消除外部干扰和量化误差的影响,另一部分为基于隐蔽式假数据攻击上界信息的攻击补偿器,用于抑制异常检测器检测不到、未触发警报的攻击。最后,仿真算例结果表明控制器能保证闭环系统稳定并且具有较好的系统性能,说明了方法的有效性。     

非线性系统执行器死区故障的鲁棒自适应控制

针对一类具有不对称执行器死区故障的不确定非线性系统,基于反推滑模控制原理提出了一种神经网络鲁棒自适应控制方案。通过简化死区故障模型,取消了模型倾斜度相等和边界对称条件,结合动态面控制避免了传统反推设计方法存在的计算复杂性问题。所提控制方案取消了控制方向已知的条件,消除了执行器死区故障的影响,使得系统输出趋于给定参考轨迹的一个小领域。仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

Robust H∞ guaranteed cost satisfactory fault-tolerant control for discrete-time systems with quadratic D stabilizability

The problem of robust H∞ guaranteed cost satisfactory fault-tolerant control with quadratic D stabilizability against actuator failures is investigated for a class of discrete-time systems with value-bounded uncertainties existing in both the state and control input matrices. Based on a more practical and general model of actuator continuous gain failures, taking the transient property, robust behaviour on H∞ performance and quadratic cost performance requirements into consideration, sufficient conditions for the existence of satisfactory fault-tolerant controller are given and the effective design steps with constraints of multiple performance indices are provided. Meanwhile, the consistency of the regional pole index, H∞ norm-bound constraint and cost performance indices is set up for fault-tolerant control. A simulation example shows the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

边界条件对附于软基体上压电薄膜的局部屈曲的影响

本文研究了附于预拉伸弹性软基体上的压电薄膜的局部屈曲行为,弹性软基体和刚性支座之间为滑动边界。通过比较弹性软基体和刚性支座之间为固支情况下附于基体上压电薄膜的局部屈曲行为,讨论边界条件对于压电薄膜的局部屈曲的影响。     

准同型相界内KNN-LS-BF无铅压电陶瓷的烧结与压电性能

采用传统的陶瓷工艺制备成分处于准同型相界(MPB)内的无铅压电陶瓷0.956K0.5Na0.5NbO3-0.004BiFeO3-0.04LiSbO3(0.956KNN-0.004BF-0.04LS),研究烧结温度对陶瓷的结构与压电、介电性能和相变温度的影响.研究结果表明:所有样品均为单一的钙钛矿结构;在1100℃以下烧结的样品的相结构均呈现明显的正交相与四方相共存的特征,同时略偏向四方相区;适当的烧结温度的提高,能促进陶瓷的致密化;随着烧结温度的升高,陶瓷的压电性能先显著提高后降低,陶瓷的介电损耗先降低后提高,但对正交相与四方相转变温度(θ0-1)和居里温度(θc)的影响比较小;当烧结温度为1100℃时,陶瓷具有最好的压电与介电性能,其压电常数(d33)高达297 pC/N,机电耦合系数(kp)高达54％,居里温度为355℃,tanδ为2.6％,这表明0.956KNN-0.004BF-0.04LS无铅压电陶瓷具有广阔的应用前景.     

EX220-3型挖掘机执行机构联合作业不协调的故障诊断与排除

EX220-3型挖掘机是日本日立建机公司生产的小型履带式挖掘机,该挖掘机有工作装置、上部转台和行走装置3部分组成。该型挖掘机执行机构联合作业不协调,是典型的流量分配控制系统问题,详细分析执行机构流量分配控制系统原理及其故障诊断与排除的方法,这对该型号的挖掘机执行机构的联合作业不协调的故障诊断起到一定的指导作用。